Introduction to IoT , AI , and ML in sustainable communication

Official URL: https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781394337262.ch01

The convergence of the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML) is transforming sustainable communication systems by enabling real-time data collection, intelligent analysis, and adaptive decision-making. This chapter provides a comprehensive exploration of the foundational principles, architectural frameworks, and synergistic integration of these technologies, emphasizing their transformative potential across sectors such as healthcare, agriculture, and smart cities. Through illustrative case studies and comparative analysis, the chapter highlights how IoT serves as a data acquisition backbone, AI drives intelligent processing, and ML enables continuous learning for optimized outcomes. Key implementation challenges, including data security, interoperability, and energy efficiency, are discussed alongside emerging solutions such as edge computing, federated learning, and energy-aware systems. The chapter concludes with a forward-looking perspective on future trends, including responsible AI and quantum-enhanced learning, highlighting the role of collaborative innovation in driving sustainable development through intelligent technologies.