Organic waste-derived activated carbons for supercapacitor applications: advances in synthesis strategies and electrochemical performance enhancement

Official URL: https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.202400992

This review thoroughly investigates recent advancements in utilizing organic waste, such as carbon precursors, activation methodologies, and supercapacitor applications. The growing problem of environmental pollution and the demand for sustainable energy storage systems motivate researchers to create novel and ecofriendly materials. Activated carbons (AC) derived from organic waste address waste management issues while enhancing the development of high-performance energy storage devices. The study systematically examines various types of organic waste, carbonization, and activation mechanisms while providing a comparative examination of chemical and physical activation processes. A particular focus is placed on the mechanisms of action and process optimization of activation agents like KOH, NaOH, K2CO3, ZnCl2, and H3PO4. The utilization of AC in environmental applications (water treatment, air purification, CO2 capture) and energy storage systems (supercapacitors) is assessed based on the latest research. The enhancement of production processes, emerging trends, and experienced problems is examined comprehensively. This review aims to serve as a thorough resource for researchers engaged in manufacturing and applying AC derived from organic waste while illuminating prospective research possibilities.