Recent advances in the use of bionanotechnology for bioremediation

Environmental problems are the major reason for the destruction of agricultural land, animals, and human diseases on earth. It causes pollution in the air, water, and soil that is difficult to control. Bio-nanotechnologies play a significant role in environmental protection and sustainability by adopting novel techniques to clear, mitigate, and monitor environmental pollutants. Nanotechnology helps to reduce energy consumption, cost, and resource consumption through more efficient methods. So, nanomaterials with large surface area and small size have the unique capacity to solve complex problems. They require less activation energy and have high reactivity; these additional benefits make them ideal candidates for sustained bioremediation. Bio-nano-technology techniques have a positive impact on the environment and its sustainability by reducing environmental contaminants. The present chapter discusses the role of bio-nanotechnology in solving the persisting urgent environmental issues such as soil contamination, air, and water pollution, and climate change and also focuses on the effectiveness, safety, and scalability issues as well as any potential advantages and difficulties.