In vitro evaluation of pore size graded bone scaffolds with different material composition

Daskalakis, Evangelos and Huang, Boyang and Hassan, Mohamed H. and Omar, Abdalla M. and Vyas, Cian and Acar, Anıl Ahmet and Fallah, Ali and Cooper, Glen and Weightman, Andrew and Blunn, Gordon and Koç, Bahattin and Bartolo, Paulo (2024) In vitro evaluation of pore size graded bone scaffolds with different material composition. 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing, 11 (2). E718-E730. ISSN 2329-7662 (Print) 2329-7670 (Online)

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Abstract

The demand for biomimetic and biocompatible scaffolds in equivalence of structure and material composition for the regeneration of bone tissue is relevantly high. This article is investigating a novel three-dimensional (3D) printed porous structure called bone bricks with a gradient pore size mimicking the structure of the bone tissue. Poly-ɛ-caprolactone (PCL) combined with ceramics such as hydroxyapatite (HA), β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP), and bioglass 45S5 were successfully mixed using a melt blending method and fabricated with the use of screw-assisted extrusion-based additive manufacturing system. Bone bricks containing the same material concentration (20 wt%) were biologically characterized through proliferation and differentiation tests. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the morphology of cells on the surface of bone bricks, whereas energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy was used to investigate the element composition on the surface of the bone bricks. Confocal imaging was used to investigate the number of differentiated cells on the surface of bone bricks. Proliferation results showed that bone bricks containing PCL/HA content are presenting higher proliferation properties, whereas differentiation results showed that bone bricks containing PCL/Bioglass 45S5 are presenting higher differentiation properties. Confocal imaging results showed that bone bricks containing PCL/Bioglass 45S5 are presenting a higher number of differentiated cells on their surface compared with the other material contents.
Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: 3D printing; biomanufacturing; in vitro studies; scaffolds
Divisions: Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Sabancı University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center
Integrated Manufacturing Technologies Research and Application Center
Depositing User: Bahattin Koç
Date Deposited: 10 Jun 2024 15:36
Last Modified: 10 Jun 2024 15:36
URI: https://research.sabanciuniv.edu/id/eprint/49374

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