Triticum dicoccoides: an important genetic resource for increasing zinc and iron concentration in modern cultivated wheat

Çakmak, İsmail and Torun, A. and Millet, E. and Feldman, M. and Fahima, T. and Korol, A. and Nevo, E. and Braun, H. J. and Özkan, H. (2004) Triticum dicoccoides: an important genetic resource for increasing zinc and iron concentration in modern cultivated wheat. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 50 (7). pp. 1047-1054. ISSN 0038-0768 (Print) 1747-0765 (Online)

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Abstract

One major strategy to increase the level of zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) in cereal crops, is to exploit the natural genetic variation in seed concentration of these micronutrients. Genotypic variation for Zn and Fe concentration in seeds among cultivated wheat cultivars is relatively narrow and limits the options to breed wheat genotypes with high concentration and bioavailability of Zn and Fe in seed. Alternatively, wild wheat might be an important genetic resource for enhancing micronutrient concentrations in seeds of cultivated wheat. Wild wheat is widespread in diverse environments in Turkey and other parts of the Fertile Crescent (e.g., Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, Israel, and Jordan). A large number of accessions of wild wheat and of its wild relatives were collected from the Fertile Crescent and screened for Fe and Zn concentrations as well as other mineral nutrients. Among wild wheat, the collections of wild emmer wheat, Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides (825 accessions) showed impressive variation and the highest concentrations of micronutrients, significantly exceeding those of cultivated wheat. The concentrations of Zn and Fe among the dicoccoides accessions varied from 14 to 190 mg kg(-1) DW for Zn and from 15 to 109 mg kg(-1) DW for Fe. Also for total amount of Zn and Fe per seed, dicoccoides accessions contained very high amount of Zn (up to 7 mug per seed) and Fe (up to 3.7 mug per seed). Such high genotypic variation could not be found for phosphorus, magnesium, and sulfur. In the case of modern cultivated wheat, seed concentrations of Zn and Fe were lower and less variable when compared to wild wheat accessions. There was a highly significant positive correlation between seed concentrations of Fe and Zn. Screening different series of dicoccoides substitution lines revealed that the chromosome 6A, 6B, and 5B of dicoccoides resulted in greater increase in Zn and Fe concentration when compared to their recipient parent and to other chromosome substitution lines. The results indicate that Triticum turgidum L. var. dicoccoides (wild emmer) is an important genetic resource for increasing concentration and content of Zn and Fe in modern cultivated wheat.
Item Type: Article
Additional Information: WoS - Open Access (Bronze) / Scopus - Open Access
Uncontrolled Keywords: grain quality; iron; wheat; zinc
Divisions: Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences > Academic programs > Biological Sciences & Bio Eng.
Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Depositing User: İsmail Çakmak
Date Deposited: 11 Jan 2005 02:00
Last Modified: 17 Jun 2020 16:42
URI: https://research.sabanciuniv.edu/id/eprint/464

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