Regulation of autophagy in health and disease

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Arachiche, Amal and Gözüaçık, Devrim (2015) Regulation of autophagy in health and disease. In: Fuentes, Jose M., (ed.) Toxicity and Autophagy in Neurofegenerative Disorders. Current Topics in Neurotoxicity, 9. Springer, Switzerland, pp. 1-24. ISBN 978-3-319-13938-8 (Print) 978-3-319-13939-5 (Online)

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Abstract

Macroautophagy (autopagy herein) is a cellular stress mechanism characterized by the engulfment of portions of cytoplasm, proteins and organelles in double or multimembrane vesicles. Cargo carried in these autophagic vesicles are then delivered and subsequently degraded by lysosomal/vacuolar systems. Autophagy occurs at low basal levels in all cell types (from yeast to mammals) under non-deprived conditions, performing homeostatic functions. Under conditions leading to cellular stress such as nutrient or growth factor deprivation, autophagy is activated to provide the cell with intracellular building blocks and substrates for energy generation. In addition to the ubiquitin-proteasome system, autophagy is a major degradation pathway for misfolded, mutant or abnormal proteins. Deregulations and abnormalities of autophagy are deleterious for all cell types including neurons. Consequently, autophagy abnormalities are observed in various neuronal diseases. Here, we summarize the basic autophagy machinery and its regulation, and provide a brief summary of the role of autophagy in healthy neurons and in major neurodegenerative diseases.
Item Type: Book Section / Chapter
Subjects: Q Science > Q Science (General)
R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
R Medicine > RB Pathology
R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
Divisions: Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences > Academic programs > Biological Sciences & Bio Eng.
Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Depositing User: Devrim Gözüaçık
Date Deposited: 20 Nov 2015 14:45
Last Modified: 26 Apr 2022 08:33
URI: https://research.sabanciuniv.edu/id/eprint/27518

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