The future of energy security for Europe: Turkey's role as an energy corridor

The question of energy security is one of the main concerns for the future of Europe because of the growing dependency of the European countries on third parties, namely Russia for natural gas. The future of European energy security will be shaped by the EU’s dependence on Russia and its ability to find alternative sources of energy as well as multiple routes of transport. Turkey’s location between the major energy producers in the Caspian and the major energy consumers in Europe, has increased Turkey’s potential role as the transit country. The paper addresses the Turkish role in the transport of resources from the Caspian region to the European territory. As the Caspian region resources provide a viable alternative for the EU to diversify its energy suppliers, Turkey emerges as a major hub for energy transport and assumes a greater role in the future of energy security. This paper investigates the future challenges to the transport of natural gas into Europe and the role that Turkey will acquire as a transit country, greatly replacing Ukraine. The paper addresses the following questions: (i) what is Turkey’s potential role for energy security in Europe? (ii) what kind of challenges emerges with the increased role for Turkey in European energy routes? (iii) what are the main sources of tension over energy security? The main proposition of the paper is that Turkey plays a critical role for the EU’s energy security, decreasing its reliance on Russia specifically for the transport of natural gas.