Development and characterization of high-resolution tissue scaffolds via LCD 3D printing using PVA-SbQ modified PEGDMA-based bioinks

Official URL: https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.70239

This study encompasses the fabrication and characterization of high-performance 3D-printed scaffolds using acrylate-based photopolymer resin formulations for tissue engineering applications. The scaffolds were successfully produced using an LCD-based 3D printer. Optimal printing parameters, specifically a 50 µm layer thickness and a 13 s UV light exposure, were applied to yield non-toxic and high-resolution constructs. The photosensitivity of poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)-based hydrogels was enhanced by modification with PVA-SbQ (Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Stilbazolium Quaternary). Furthermore, the controlled biodegradability of the scaffolds was optimized through the incorporation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) into the photopolymer formulations and subsequent post-printing washing procedures. The cytocompatibility and ability of the scaffolds to support cell proliferation were confirmed through detailed cell culture studies utilizing L-929 fibroblast cells. Analyses of cell adhesion, proliferation, and morphology all yielded positive results, with viability exceeding the 80% minimum threshold. This confirms the scaffolds' significant support for cellular growth and attachment. Ultimately, the new PEGDMA-based hydrogels (containing PEG and PVA-SbQ) offer an innovative solution for tissue engineering, characterized by their non-toxic composition and high-resolution 3D printing capability.