Changes in yield attributes and K allocation in wheat as affected by K deficiency and elevated CO2

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Asif, Muhammad and Tunç, Cevza Esin and Öztürk, Levent (2018) Changes in yield attributes and K allocation in wheat as affected by K deficiency and elevated CO2. Plant and Soil, 426 (1-2). pp. 153-162. ISSN 0032-079X (Print) 1573-5036 (Online)

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Abstract

Background Elevated carbon dioxide enhances biomass production and final crop yield of C3 species as a consequence of increased photosynthesis, water use efficiency and RuBisCO saturation. However, this enhancement is limited by environmental conditions such as nutrient deficiencies. This study evaluates the interactive effects of K supply (deficient or adequate) and atmospheric CO2 (ambient or elevated) on grain yield and yield related attributes along with allocation of K in different shoot parts (i.e. grains, leaves, stem and peduncle) in bread wheat. Methods Bread wheat (T. aestivum cv. Tahirova) was cultivated in soil fertilized with adequate or deficient K in pots under ambient (420 μmol mol−1) or elevated (700 μmol mol−1) atmospheric CO2 conditions in dedicated plant growth chambers. At full maturity, plants were harvested and grain yield and yield attributes along with K status of grains, peduncle, leaves and stem parts were determined. Results While K deficiency severely reduced grain yield and yield attributes under both ambient (a-CO2) and elevated (e-CO2) CO2 conditions, e-CO2 significantly enhanced grain yield even in K-deficient plants through maintaining a greater harvest index, spikes per plant and grain weight and thus increased overall K use efficiency. Deficient-K treatment significantly increased grain K concentration as a consequence of "concentration effect". On the contrary, K concentration in leaf, stem and peduncle was severely decreased whereas e-CO2 had an additive effect on the decrease in K concentrations. Consequently, in deficient-K plants K content (total K accumulated/taken up) in all shoot parts including grains was reduced to only a fraction of adequate-K plants. Moreover, deficient-K plants tended to allocate a greater portion of K in grains as compared to other shoot parts. Elevated CO2 also enhanced K allocation into grains particularly in deficient-K plants. Conclusion Potassium deficiency severely reduces grain yield and biomass production in bread wheat in both a-CO2 and e-CO2 environments, however e-CO2 partly alleviates the detrimental effect of K deficiency on grain yield, but not straw yield. Plants under K deficiency stress allocated a greater portion of K in the grains and e-CO2 augmented this effect. In wheat, any one of peduncle, leaf or stem K concentration is a better measure of overall plant K nutritional status as compared to grain K, which may be severely biased due to "concentration effect" in K-deficient plants.
Item Type: Article
Subjects: S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General)
S Agriculture > SB Plant culture > SB183-317 Field crops
Q Science > QK Botany > QK710-899 Plant physiology
Divisions: Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences > Academic programs > Biological Sciences & Bio Eng.
Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Depositing User: Levent Öztürk
Date Deposited: 15 May 2018 14:33
Last Modified: 23 May 2023 15:52
URI: https://research.sabanciuniv.edu/id/eprint/34488

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