International context of democratization: transitions in Turkey and Greece in 1983 and 1974

Official URL: http://192.168.1.20/record=b1295904 (Table of Contents)

This thesis attempts to explain the impact of international forces on the democratization processes of Turkey and Greece after the most recent overt military inverventions in those countries. The International Community imposed harsh sanctions on the Greek junta and contributed to delegetimization of the military regime, whereas Turkish generals experienced a relatively more lenient international response. Preservation of legitimacy by the Turkish military adversly affected the consolidation process by securing institutional preregotatives for the military. In the consolidation phase, distrust between civilian and military elites, the failure of the international community to assure military elites that their interests will be protected after democratization, and its failure to utilize credible political conditionality preclueded Turkey from consolidating its democracy. In Greece, however, international actors were effective in the socialization of anti system parties and used political conditionality effectively in order to strenghten democracy.