A development Perspective for CSR; case of Turkey

Abstract

This paper takes a snapshot of CSR practices in Turkey by exploring the role of the economy, state and societal culture. It focuses on the impact of cultural values on the role stakeholders play in driving corporate behaviour. The paper is based on a review of existing research into cultural dimensions and attitudes, surveys of corporate disclosures, interviews and cumulative knowledge of economic and social development. External factors have been major factors driving the emergence of the “CSR” discourse in emerging markets. In the case of Turkey for example, economic fundamentals and cultural dimensions don’t reflect a strong societal influence on corporate behavior. Drivers for CSR in Turkey will be exogenous and institutional rather than endogenous and cultural. The paper recommends a stronger role for regulations and law-enforcement in driving corporate accountability and social performance, also highlighting the importance of international influences. The originality of the paper is in exhibiting the role of societal culture in shaping business’ expectations and in arguing for a stronger role for public enforcement and international monitoring. This paper has relevance for regulators and international agencies.